Melasma in Thailand: How Can You Avoid It?

Melasma, or medically known as Melasma, is a condition caused by excessive production of melanin pigment in the skin, resulting in dark or brown patches on the face or neck. Statistical data indicates that it is more common in women than in men.

Types of Melasma

1. Epidermal Melasma: Occurs in the upper layer of the skin, has a light brown color with clear borders, and responds well to treatment.

2. Dermal Melasma: Develops in the dermis layer, has a dark brown or gray color with unclear borders, and is more difficult to treat than the first type.

3. Mixed Melasma: A combination of epidermal and dermal melasma, the most common type.

4. Solar Melasma: Caused by direct sun exposure, often found in areas frequently exposed to sunlight such as the forehead, cheeks, and nose.

Causes

• Hormonal changes (e.g., during pregnancy or when using birth control pills)

• Excessive sun exposure

• Genetics

• Use of certain cosmetics

• Stress

Prevention Methods

1. Use sunscreen regularly: Choose a sunscreen with at least SPF 30 that protects against both UVA and UVB. Reapply every 2-3 hours.

2. Avoid strong sunlight: Especially between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM. Wear a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses when outdoors.

3. Use skincare products containing antioxidants: Such as vitamin C, vitamin E, or kojic acid.

4. Avoid using irritating cosmetics: Choose products suitable for your skin type that don't cause irritation.

5. Control hormones: Consult a doctor about birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, especially if you have a history of melasma.

6. Maintain body balance: Eat nutritious food, exercise regularly, and get enough rest.

7. Visit a dermatologist regularly: To check skin condition and receive appropriate skincare advice.

Importantly, another significant aid in comprehensive skincare is Pycnogenol, a natural extract. With its antioxidant properties, Pycnogenol can help reduce excessive melanin production, which is the main cause of melasma. This helps make the skin appear more even-toned. No matter the sunlight conditions in any country, Pycnogenol can effectively protect the skin and nourish it for a healthy appearance.

References

• Handel, A. C., Miot, L. D., & Miot, H. A. (2014). Melasma: a clinical and epidemiological review. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 89(5), 771-782.

• Ogbechie-Godec, O. A., & Elbuluk, N. (2017). Melasma: an Up-to-Date Comprehensive Review. Dermatology and Therapy, 7(3), 305-318.

• Sarkar, R., Ailawadi, P., & Garg, S. (2018). Melasma in Men: A Review of Clinical, Etiological, and Management Issues. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 11(2), 53-59.

• Kwon, S. H., & Park, K. C. (2016). Melasma and Common Pigmentary Dermatoses in Asian Individuals and an Overview of Their Treatment. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 9(1), 26-35.

• Trivedi, M. K., Yang, F. C., & Cho, B. K. (2017). A review of laser and light therapy in melasma. International Journal of Women's Dermatology, 3(1), 11-20.